EL PRESENTE CONTINUO
Se emplea para indicar que algo está ocurriendo en el momento en que hablamos, aciones temporales o planes para el futuro
| AFIRMATIVE | NEGATIVE | INTERROGATIVE |
| I am walking | I am not walking | am I walking? |
| you are waving | you aren’t waving | are you waving? |
| he is jumping | he isn’t jumping | is he jumping? |
| we are playing | we aren’t playing | are we playing? |
| you are eating | you aren’t eating | are you eating? |
| they are running | they aren’t running | are they running? |
EL PRESENTE SIMPLE
Se emplea para indicar que algo ocurre habitualmente o para hablar de una situación o estado habitual, verdades absolutas, horarios
| AFIRMATIVE | NEGATIVE | INTERROGATIVE |
| I usually walk | I don’t usually walk | Do I usually walk? |
| you never wave to me | you don’t wave to me | Do you ever wave to me? |
| he always wears black | he doesn’t wear black | Does he wear black? |
| we often play football | we don’t play football | Do we often play football? |
| you generally eat at home | you don’t eat at home | Do you eat at home? |
| they come to school by bus | they don’t come by bus | Do they come by bus? |
LOS ADVERBIOS DE FRECUENCIA
Se colocan DELANTE del verbo raiz
| ADVERBIOS | EJEMPLOS |
| always | I always eat at home |
| usually | you don’t usually play football |
| generally | Does she generally come by train? |
| often | Do we often watch TV? |
| sometimes | They sometimes sleep very much |
| ever | Does she ever say ‘thank you’? |
| never | We never listen to them |
EL PRESENTE PERFECTO SIMPLE
Se emplea para indicar que…
| 1. una acción ya ha terminado sin que sepamos o digamos cuándo. |
| 2. una acción acaba de terminar |
| 3. una acción ya terminada tiene consecuencias en el presente |
| 4. una acción que empezó en el pasado continúa en el presente |
EJEMPLOS
| 1. acción ya terminada sin que sepamos o digamos cuándo. |
| I have already eaten |
| Have they arrived yet? |
| He has visited England on several occasions |
| Has she ever spoken to her son’s teacher? |
| 2. acción que acaba de terminar |
| I have just eaten |
| Have they just arrived? |
| I have just seen your mother |
| 3. acción ya terminada con consecuencias en el presente. |
| I have bought the bread: here it is. |
| Has he been up long? |
| She has broken her leg |
| 4. acción que comenzó en el pasado y continúa en el presente |
| I have been here for ages |
| We have known each other for years |
| She has been ill since the beginning of the month |
| They have been married since 1995 |
CÓMO SE FORMA
| AFIRMATIVE | NEGATIVE | INTERROGATIVE |
| I have met him | I haven’t met him | have I met him? |
| you have worked | you haven’t worked | have you worked? |
| he has studied | he hasn’t studied | has he studied? |
| we have eaten | we haven’t eaten | have we eaten? |
| you have spoken | you haven’t spoken | have you spoken? |
| they have sung very well | they haven’t sung | have they sung? |
LE ACOMPAÑAN…
| casos 1 y 3 | caso 2 | caso 4 |
| Adverbios indefinidos | Just | How long…? |
| Already (ya) | Since when…? | |
| Still (todavía) | For + cantidad de tiempo | |
| Yet (aún no) | Since + desde cuándo | |
| Adverbios de frecuencia |
EL PASADO PERFECTO SIMPLE
Se emplea para indicar …
| 1. una acción pasada que ocurrió antes que otra (también en el pasado) |
| 2. una acción que acaba e ocurrir |
| 3. una acción pasada estaba completamente acabada antes de empezar otra |
| 4. con las expresiones it was the first time / second tieme … |
EJEMPLOS
| 1. una acción pasada que ocurrió antes que otra (también en el pasado) |
| The play had already started when they arrived at the theatre. |
| 2. una acción que acaba e ocurrir |
| When she phoned me, I had just come in. |
| 3. una acción pasada estaba completamente acabada antes de empezar otra |
| I walked home after I had missed the last bus. |
| 4. con las expresiones it was the first time / second tieme … |
| It was the second time I had eaten raw fish. |
CÓMO SE FORMA
| AFIRMATIVE | NEGATIVE | INTERROGATIVE |
| I had met him | I hadn’t met him | had I met him? |
| you had worked | you hadn’t worked | had you worked? |
| he had studied | he hadn’t studied | had he studied? |
| we had eaten | we hadn’t eaten | had we eaten? |
| you had spoken | you hadn’t spoken | had you spoken? |
| they had sung very well | they hadn’t sung | had they sung? |
LE ACOMPAÑAN…
| casos 1 y 3 | caso 2 | caso 4 |
| Adverbios indefinidos | Just | itas was the first time |
| Already (ya) | it was the second tme | |
| Still (todavía) | ||
| Yet (aún no) | ||
| Adverbios de frecuencia |
